• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device (10) for purifying water. The device (10) comprises a first cathode (21) surrounding the first anode (22), between which a first gap is left for purifying water. The first anode is an anode arrangement (20b) further comprising an electrically conductive flange (222), an electrically conductive anode support (221) connected to the first anode (22) and a flange (222) and provided with conductive electricity to the first anode (22) and a connection point ( 224) to connect the electrical wire (62) to the flange (222). The flange (222) is mechanically supported in said longitudinal direction (z) by a first cathode (21). The flange (222) projects so that said coupling point (224) is at least as far from the longitudinal central axis (AX) of the cathode arrangement (20a) as the point of the first cathode (21) closest to said coupling point (224).
    公开号:FI20190073A1
    申请号:FI20190073
    申请日:2019-10-14
    公开日:2020-12-31
    发明作者:Markku Kaipainen；Martti Klemola
    申请人:Elwater Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to water purifiers. The invention relates to water purifiers based on electroflotation. The invention relates to the treatment of wastewater generated in small properties, mines, factories or communities.
    Background Water purification is important for human activities and the protection of the environment, firstly for the production of drinking water and secondly for the management of the environmental load. Water, such as wastewater, needs to be treated, for example, - domestic water, such as gray water (various washing waters) or black water (toilet waste water) used in industry, such as the paper mining and chemical industries, and in urban (eg residential areas) or ships (eg ships) , in cleaning.
    One solution for the purification of such waters is based on electroflotation. In electroflotation, water is purified by means of an electric current. An electric current is applied to two electrodes: to an anode to which a voltage is applied and to a cathode> to which a negative voltage is applied to said anode, such as> a ground potential. The water to be purified is arranged between said electrodes, o 25 - whereby the water to be purified acts as an electrolyte. A suitable soluble metal electrode is typically used as the anode. Such devices and methods are described, for example, in patent publications FI126678 and F1127277.
    a S When treating large volumes of wastewater, several treatment plants are required or several separate cylindrical treatment channels can be arranged inside one & 30 treatment plant, N as described in the above-mentioned publications. However, it has been found that such a solution is not entirely in terms of space utilization and thus in terms of material costs,
    optimal.
    In addition, the supply of electricity inside the device typically requires suitable bushings for the electrical cables, which is technically cumbersome to manufacture, at least if there are several cleaning channels.
    In addition, in terms of the use of space in treatment plants, it would be necessary to be able to manufacture a small-sized cleaner with a high cleaning capacity.
    BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution for supplying electricity - to the inner electrode or inner electrodes of a device so that the electrodes are aligned with each other.
    This is achieved by a solution in which the flange of the inner electrode (anode) simultaneously supports the inner electrode and allows power supply from outside the outer electrode (cathode).
    The purpose of one embodiment is to present a compact and reliable device.
    This is achieved by a solution in which at least three electrodes are arranged in such a way that at least two flow channels, i.e. a gap, for the water to be purified are formed between said three electrodes.
    In such a solution in particular, the precise alignment of the electrodes and the supply of electricity would be problematic without the solution now presented.
    More specifically, the invention is set out in the independent claims 1. Preferred embodiments - are described in the dependent claims.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1a shows a side view of a device for shaking water, Fig. 1a shows a side view of a device for shaking water, Fig. 1c shows a sectional view of Fig. 1a Ic-Ic and also the electrode arrangements of the water purifier, Fig. 1d shows an anode arrangement, for example for the embodiment S according to Fig. 1a, & Fig. 2a shows a side view of a device for shaking water, in which N the device has two nested slots for purifying water,
    Fig. 2b shows a sectional view IIb-IIb of Fig. 2a and also the electrode arrangements of the water purifier, Fig. 3a shows a side view of a device for shaking water with four nested slots for purifying water, Fig. 3b shows a sectional view IIb-IIIb of Fig. 3a and also the electrode arrangements of the water purifier , Fig. 4a shows a device for purifying water with two cathode arrangements in succession and corresponding anode arrangements, Fig. 4b shows a device for purifying water with two cathode arrangements in succession and corresponding anode arrangements, and Fig. 5 shows an exploded view of the anode and cathode arrangements of a device. DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS - In this application, the term “cylindrical shell” means a surface formed by a segment as it travels along a solid curve whose direction forms an angle with the longitudinal direction of said segment at each point. The longitudinal direction z of the cylindrical shell means the direction of this segment. Preferably, a cylindrical jacket means a jacket of a circular cylinder, i.e. a cylindrical jacket. As an example - of the cylindrical jacket, which is at the same time the cylindrical jacket, the longitudinal part of a pipe with a circular cross-section is shown. Transverse direction means any direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. 2 o In this application, the symbols x, y and z refer to three different directions perpendicular to O 25, of which direction z is the longitudinal direction mentioned above. Preferably + during use of the device, the aforementioned longitudinal direction z is oriented substantially - vertically. The direction z is oriented substantially vertically when said direction z + forms an angle with the vertical of at most 30 degrees (or no such angle S is formed, i.e. it is zero). Preferably said angle is less than 10 degrees or & 30 less than 5 degrees. OF
    The figures illustrate some devices 10 for purifying water. Referring to Figures 1a and 1b, the device 10 comprises a cathode arrangement 20a and an anode arrangement 20b. Either or both arrangements may have multiple electrodes. As described below, in one embodiment, the device comprises a 10-cathode arrangement 20c, whereby the cathode arrangement 20a may be referred to as a primary cathode arrangement. In addition, in one embodiment, the device comprises a secondary anode arrangement 20d, wherein the anode arrangement 20b may be referred to as a primary anode arrangement.
    The cathode arrangement 20a comprises a first cathode 21. The first cathode is in the form of a cylindrical jacket (i.e. hollow), i.e. its cross-section forms a closed curve. The first cathode 21 has a continuous profile shape in its longitudinal direction z. In one embodiment, the first cathode 21 forms at least a part of the outer shell of the device. In one embodiment, the device 10 further comprises an outer shell (not shown). The first cathode 21 is made of an electrically conductive material. Electrically conductive material means a substance with a resistivity of 10 Qm at 20 ° C.
    The anode arrangement 20b comprises a first anode 22 in the form of a rod (closed) or cylindrical shell (hollow). The longitudinal direction of the first anode 22 is the same as that of the first cathode 21. The first anode 22 is made of an electrically conductive material. The first cathode 21 surrounds the first anode 22 in the transverse directions perpendicular to the longitudinal direction z so that a first gap 31 in the transverse direction is left between them 21, 22) 2 for conveying the water 5 to be purified. In the arrangement, the first anode 22 is an electrode 3 worn during use. In addition, a voltage greater than the voltage applied to the first cathode 21 is applied to the first anode 22. For example, a ground potential can be applied to the first cathode 21. The voltages are described in more detail in the aforementioned S prior art publications. If the device 10 has the following & 30 - secondary electrode arrangements (20c, 20d), the device also has a secondary slot i 51. In such a case, the first slot 31 can be called the first primary slot.
    If the inner electrode of the anode or cathode arrangement (20a, 20b), as in 22 in Fig. 1a, is hollow, the flow of water through it can be prevented by means of the plug 30 (Fig. 1a).
    When using the device, all the water to be cleaned is directed into the gap 5 31 or between the electrodes 31, 32, 33, 34. The first cathode 21 is the outermost electrode of the device and it is easy to apply voltage to it.
    The cathode 21 may comprise, for example, a screw or the like for attaching the first electrical line 61.
    Instead, applying voltage to the first anode 22 is more difficult, especially if there is more than one nested anode or cathode.
    In addition, in order to avoid uneven wear of the anodes, it is important that the width of the gap 31 in the longitudinal direction z is constant.
    For these reasons, the anode arrangement 20b comprises a flange 222. The flange 222 is connected to an anode support 221, which is further connected to the first anode 22. The anode arrangement 20b is illustrated in more detail in Figure 1d and is shown as part of the device 10 in Figures 1a and 1b.
    The first anode 22 can move relative to the flange 222 only within the flexibility of the material, i.e. hardly at all.
    For example, the first anode 22 may be welded to the anode support 221. The anode support 221 and flange 222 may be parts of one suitably motorized casting.
    The first anode 22 is supported on the first cathode 21 so that the flange 222 is mechanically supported in said longitudinal direction z on the first cathode 21. o By such an anode arrangement, especially since the flange 222 rests on the> first cathode 21, in the device 10 the longitudinal direction of the first cathode 21 is than the first anode 22. + - The anode arrangement 20b further comprises a connection point 224 for connecting the second electrical line 62 + to the flange 222. In addition, the anode support 221 and flange 222 comprise electrically conductive material S for conducting electricity from the connection point 224 to the first & 30 = anode 22. far from the longitudinal central axis Ax of the cathode arrangement 20a as the point of the first cathode 21 closest to said coupling point 224.
    In such a solution, the connection point 224 is on the outer surface, or if the outer surface is formed by a part other than the cathode 21, the connection point is at least as far from the central axis Ax as the cathode 21. This has the advantage that the second power line 62 can be easily connected to the connection point 224. Preferably the connection point 224 is at least 5 mm farther from the longitudinal central axis Ax of the cathode arrangement 20a than the point of the first cathode 21 closest to said connection point 224. The connection point 224 may comprise, for example, a screw connection for connecting the second electrical line 62.
    - In one embodiment, the flange 222 surrounds the central axis Ax. That is, the flange 222 rotates the entire first anode 22 in a direction tangential to its longitudinal direction z. In this case, the mechanical support for the first cathode 21 is good. To allow water to flow in such a case, the anode support 221 defines an opening 226, as shown in Figure 1d. Water may flow from the opening 226 to the slot 31, as in Figure 1b, or from the slot 31 to the opening 226, as in Figure 1a. Depending on the arrangement, the first anode 22 may extend downstream and / or upstream of the flow direction of the water to be cleaned from the flange 222. From a manufacturing point of view, it is preferred that the first anode 22 remain entirely on one side of the flange 222 (upstream or downstream, as in Figures 1a and 1b, respectively). In the figures - “IN” appears in the part of the device 10 to which the water to be purified is fed and “OUT” shows the part from which the purified water is taken out. In order to reliably support the anode arrangement 20b to the first cathode 21, 2 in a preferred embodiment the device 10 comprises fastening means 214 for fastening said 5 25 flange 222 to the first cathode 21. Such fastening means 214 may be, for example, a bolt and nut and / or hook, optionally together> tightening ring 214b (Figure 5). Preferably, the first cathode 21 comprises a & cantilever 212, such as a cathode flange extending in said transverse direction S away from said central axis AX, and said fastening means are arranged & 30 - to secure said flange 222 to said protrusion 212. The protrusion 212 may N have a hole for a bolt. the hook, or the protrusion, can be pressed onto the flange 222 by means of a clamping ring 214b. Such a protrusion 212
    (cathode flange) is shown e.g. in Figures 1a, 4b and 5. Such a fastening can also be used in connection with other embodiments. It is essential for the operation of the device that the cathode arrangement 20a is electrically - isolated - from the anode arrangement 20b. Therefore, in one embodiment, an insulating material 216 is provided between the flange 222 and the first cathode 21 in said longitudinal direction z. Such an insulating material 216 may be, for example, a ring made of a polymer such as polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP). Preferably, the insulating material 216 is hard enough to keep the support of the anode arrangement 20b to the cathode 21 stable. Preferably, the insulation material 216 has a hardness of at least 65 Sh (A) (i.e., Shore hardness as measured on the A scale), more preferably at least 75 Sh (A). For example, many polyethylenes (PE) have such hardness. The device may further comprise a sealing material, such as silicone, between the flange 222 and the first cathode 21 in the longitudinal direction z.
    It has been found that during use of the device the anode arrangement 20b wears - as a result of electrochemical reactions - in particular from the junction between the first anode 22 (and also the second anode 24, if in the device) and the anode support 221, unless electrochemical reactions are prevented at these points. Wear would have the effect of detaching the anode (s) (22, 24) from the anode support 221 and causing the device to fail. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, such electrochemical reactions at these sites are prevented. However, they are not blocked for the actual anode 22 to allow water purification. Blocking can be done with a suitable 2 waterproof and electrically insulating coating such as paint, varnish or glue. 5 25 - An example is epoxy-based coatings. In the preferred embodiment 3, in the anode arrangement 20b, at least [A] the anode support 221 and [B] the connection point of the anode support 221 and the first anode 22 are coated with a water-insoluble and E electrically insulating coating such as varnish, paint or glue. Preferably, however, S the first anode 22 (and any other anodes such as 24) is / are> 30 - otherwise - uncoated / uncoated. Also, the above-mentioned 2 connection point 224 is uncoated for connecting the second electrical line 62. The flange 222 may otherwise be coated.
    In a preferred embodiment, the anode support 221 and the first anode 22 are made of the same metal. Although in some cases the anode support 221 may be made of a different metal than the first anode 22, especially aluminum - when using anode 22, connecting the anode support 221 would be very difficult if the anode support 221 was a material other than anode 22. More generally, similar materials are easier to weld together. Preferably, the anode support 221 and the first anode 22 are connected to each other by welding.
    The first anode 22 is made of anode material. If the device has two different anode arrangements 20b and 20d, this anode material may be referred to as the primary anode material. The anode material can be, for example, one of the following: aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), tin (Sn), lead (Pb ) and bismuth (Bi). The first cathode 21 is made of a cathode material. If the device has two different cathode arrangements 20a and 20c, this cathode material = can be called = primary = cathode material. The cathode material may be, for example, one of the following: steel, acid-resistant steel, stainless terds and graphite. Preferably, the cathode material is more - an electronegative anode material. In one embodiment, the device 10 further comprises a power supply (not shown) and electrical wires 61, 62, 63. The power supply is arranged to generate a first 2 voltage and the first electrical wire 61 is arranged to conduct a first voltage 5 25 to the first cathode 21. The first electrical wire 61 may be attached to the first 3 to the cathode 21. A power supply is arranged to generate a second voltage and a second electrical line 62 is arranged to conduct a second voltage to the first anode E 22. A second electrical line 62 is attached during use to said flange R attachment point 224 (Figures 1a and 1b). Second voltage not higher than first voltage S 30 - higher. The magnitudes of the voltages are shown in said prior art. S Device 10 may not include power supply and power cords, but may be sold separately. If the device comprises a secondary anode arrangement 20d, the power supply is arranged to generate a third voltage and the third electric line 63 is arranged to conduct a third voltage to the first secondary anode 42. The secondary cathode arrangement 20c may be at the same potential as the primary cathode arrangement 20a.
    In Fig. 2a, the width of the first slot 31 is denoted by the symbol d1. The width of the first slot 31 may initially be, for example, 10 mm to 25 mm. During operation, the gap width increases as the anode 22 wears out. The corresponding width applies to any other slots 32, 33, 34 of the device. Preferably during use the device is oriented so that - the water to be cleaned flows substantially upwards in said first slots 31 and possible other slots 32, 33, 34. in the first slit 31. When treating large amounts of water, several such slits (31, 32, 33, 34) are required. It has now been found that it is efficient for the space use of water treatment plants to use such electrode arrangements 20a, 20b such that such slits (31, 32, 33, 34) are also nested with one another. For example, such that the first slot 31 surrounds a second slot 32 in transverse directions perpendicular to said longitudinal direction z, in which case the first anode 22 remains between said slots 31, 32. In this case, the first anode 22 wears in use on both sides as a result of cell reactions. »Referring to Figures 2a and 2b, in this embodiment, the first anode 22 is> cylindrical in shape (i.e., hollow) to accommodate said second slot 32. O 25 - Further, in this embodiment, the cathode arrangement 20a comprises a second cathode 23. s The second cathode 23 may be in the form of a cylindrical shell (hollow) or rod (closed). = The second cathode 23 has a profile shape with the same longitudinal direction as the first E cathode 21. The first anode 22 surrounds the second S cathode electrode 23 transversely so that a second gap 32 is left between the first anode 22 and the second cathode 23 to carry the water to be purified (see Figures 2a N and 2b). Such an arrangement doubles the cleaning capacity compared to a solution using only one slot 31. Preferably, the first cathode 21 and the second cathode 23 are made of the same material. Cathode materials are shown above. Referring to Figure 2a, in such an embodiment, the cathode arrangement comprises a cathode support 218 arranged to support the second cathode 23 to the first cathode 21 and to conduct electricity therebetween. If the second cathode 23 is hollow, the support 218 may act as a plug 30 to prevent water from flowing inside the second cathode (at least if the second anode 24 is not used). Alternatively, another plug 30 or a closed (i.e., rod-shaped) cathode may be used. The cathode support 218 may be in the form of - for example, a plurality of rods whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to said longitudinal direction z. The cathode support 218 may be in the form of, for example, a plate with holes made to allow water to flow. The network can act as a cathode support 218. The cathode support 218 comprises an electrically conductive material as described in this application for electrical conductivity.
    Preferably, the electrodes (i.e., anodes and cathodes) 21, 22 (optionally also 23, 24, 25) are in the form of circular cylindrical sheaths. This is advantageous e.g. from the point of view of the manufacturing technique of the electrode arrangements 20a and 20b. Electrochemical cell reactions do not require such a shape, but other forms of nested electrodes, for example polygons in cross section, are possible. Referring to Figure 2a, such a device 10 may further comprise a distribution chamber 70 arranged to distribute the water to be purified to said first slot 31 and 2 to said second slot 32. Referring to Figure 2a, in one embodiment, the distribution chamber 70 is arranged to distribute water to the slots 31, 32. referring to Figure 2b, the device> 10 may comprise a collecting chamber 75 arranged to receive said & water from the first slit 31 and the second slit 32. In one embodiment S, the collecting chamber 75 is arranged at said electrodes 21, 22 , 23 above. If the & 30 device 10 comprises secondary anode and cathode arrangements 20c, 20d, collector chamber | 75 may be arranged to receive said water from at least the first secondary slot 51 (see Figure 4b). In one embodiment, the collection chamber
    75 is arranged above the secondary anode arrangement 20d. Referring to Figures 1a and 1b, even if the device has only one slot 31, the device may have a corresponding distribution chamber 70 and / or a collection chamber 75.
    Referring to Figures 3a and 3b, the cleaning capacity in relation to space utilization can be improved by using even more slots 33 and 34. In one such embodiment, the anode arrangement 20b comprises a second anode 24 with a third slot 33 outside the second anode 24. The second cathode 23 is hollow. In order to leave a fourth slot 34 inside the second anode 24, the second anode 24 is cylindrical in shape (i.e. hollow). In addition, in this embodiment, the cathode arrangement 20a comprises a third cathode 25. The third cathode 25 may be in the form of a cylindrical shell (hollow) or a rod (closed). The longitudinal directions of the electrodes (21, 22, 23, 24, 25) are the same. Anode support 221 can be used to apply voltage to another anode
    24. Cathode support 218 may be used to apply voltage to the third cathode 25.
    - The second anode 24 is made of the same anode material as the first anode
    22.
    Obviously, several anodes and / or cathodes can also be used, forming several nested slots for purifying water. It is also possible that the device comprises a second anode 24 but does not comprise a third cathode 25, in which case there are only three slots (31, 32, 33). In practice, the manufacture of cathodes is inexpensive, which is why there is preferably one more cathode than anode, with an even number of slits. This also has the advantage that the anode (e.g. 22 or 24) wears> in use on both sides, with the gaps (31, 32, 33, 34) widening less towards the amount of water to be purified than in the case where the anode would wear only from one side. side. This is advantageous from the point of view of operating voltage management. Still further = in such a solution, the need for anode replacement is reduced because it is possible to use thicker anodes initially. More specifically, in one embodiment, the S cathode arrangement 20a comprises a first number N1 of one plane P piercing & 30 cathodes (21, 23, 25) and the anode arrangement 20b comprises a second number N2 of said N plane P piercing anodes (22, 24). As described above, NI = N2 + 1, i.e. the first number N1 is equal to the second number N2. In this case, the number of slits (31, 32, 33, 34) penetrating the plane P is also even. Even means two times the number.
    The cathodes 21, 23, 25 can be made of a tube having a wall thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, such as 2 mm to 3 mm, such as about 2 mm. The thickness can be small because the cathodes do not wear out. The length of the cathodes can be selected as needed. Preferably, the length is greater than the diameter. For example, the length may be at least 20 cm, such as 20 cm to 150 cm or 30 cm to 100 cm or 40 cm to 75 cm. The inner electrode may be in the form of a rod (closed). However, it may be more advantageous to use a hollow electrode clogged with a plug 30 as the innermost electrode.
    The anodes 22, 24 can be made of a tube having a wall thickness of, for example, 20 mm to 60 mm, such as 30 mm to 50 mm. The large thickness compared to the cathode ensures that the anode (s) do not need to be replaced too often. The length of the anode can be of the same order as the length of the cathode. Referring to Figure 3a, the anodes 22, 24 do not extend to the cathode support 218 so that the electrodes are not shorted. Preferably, the cathodes 21, 23, 25 do not extend to the anode support 221. However, if the above-mentioned coating is sufficiently thick, such a coating prevents short-circuiting of the electrodes by the anode support 221.
    - As is known from the prior art, water can be purified in succession with electrodes made of different materials. For example, water can be purified first with an iron electrode acting as a primary anode and then with aluminum acting as a secondary anode. In this case, the two 2-electrode pair arrangements shown above can be used in succession, i.e. in a cascade. The cathode (s) of the latter 5 25 - electrode pair arrangement may belong to the secondary cathode arrangement + 20c and the anode (s) may belong to the secondary anode arrangement 20d. Such arrangements are shown in Figures 4a, 4b and 5.
    T a S In Figure 4a, the device 10 further comprises a secondary cathode arrangement 20c and a & 30 secondary anode arrangement 20d. What has been said above about the cathode arrangement 20a NN applies to the secondary cathode arrangement 20c mutatis mutandis. What has been said above about the anode arrangement 20b applies to the secondary anode arrangement 20d mutatis mutandis.
    Thus, the secondary anode arrangement 20d is electrically isolated from the secondary cathode arrangement 20c by, for example, a secondary insulating material 416.
    In such an embodiment, the - secondary - cathode arrangement = 20c comprises - a first secondary cathode 41, which is in the form of a cylindrical jacket having the same longitudinal direction z as the first cathode 21.
    The longitudinal directions are the same because during use, preferably the longitudinal direction of the primary cathode arrangement 20a is vertical as well as the secondary cathode arrangement 20c.
    Referring to Figure 4b, in one embodiment, this has other technical advantages. Referring to Fig. 4a, the central axis Ax of the primary cathode arrangement 20a may not be at the same point as the central axis Ax2 of the secondary cathode arrangement 20c. Referring further to Figure 4a, the secondary anode arrangement 20d comprises (i) a first secondary anode 42 in the form of a rod or a cylindrical shell, wherein the first secondary anode 42 has a profile profile continuous in the longitudinal direction z; (ii) a secondary electrically conductive flange 422; (iii) an electrically conductive secondary anode support 421 connected to the first secondary anode 42 and the secondary flange 422 and configured to conduct electricity to the first secondary anode 42; protrudes transversely (x, y) from the first secondary anode 42. The secondary electrode arrangements 20c, 20d are arranged so that the first S 25 secondary cathode 41 surrounds said first secondary anode 42 in the transverse directions so that the first secondary anode 42 and> the first secondary anode 42 between said cathode 41 in said transverse direction S a first secondary gap 51 for conveying said water.
    In addition, the secondary flange 422 is mechanically supported in the longitudinal direction z on the first & 30 - secondary cathode 41. In addition, the secondary coupling point 424 is at least N equidistant from the longitudinal center axis of the secondary cathode arrangement 20c.
    Ax2 as the point of the first secondary cathode 41 closest to the secondary connection point 424. In such a solution, an electrically insulating secondary insulating material 416 is preferably provided between the secondary flange 422 and the first secondary cathode 41 in the longitudinal direction z. The hardness of the secondary insulating material 416 is preferably at least 65 Sh (A), more preferably at least 75 Sh (A). The device may further comprise a sealing material, such as silicone, remaining between the secondary flange 422 and the first secondary cathode 41 in said longitudinal direction z.
    In one embodiment, the first anode 22, i.e., the first anode of the primary anode arrangement 20b, comprises a primary anode material selected from the group consisting of: aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu ), manganese (Mn), tin (Sn), lead (Pb) and bismuth (Bi). In addition, the first to secondary anode 42, i.e., the anode of the secondary anode arrangement 20d, comprises a secondary anode material selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu ), manganese (Mn), tin (Sn), lead (Pb) and bismuth (Bi). Still further, the primary anode material is a different material than the secondary anode material. Particularly preferably, the primary anode material comprises iron and the secondary anode material comprises aluminum. In addition, the anode arrangements are arranged with each other such that the secondary anode arrangement 20d is on the downstream side of the primary anode arrangement 20b, JN as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b.
    S S 25 When a different material is used in the anode arrangement 20b than in the secondary anode arrangement 20d, a different voltage is preferably also used. On the other hand,> preferably, both the cathode arrangement 20a and the secondary cathode arrangement 20c E have the same potential as the ground potential. This is advantageous from the point of view of operational safety S. For these reasons, preferably the primary anode arrangement 20b & 30 is electrically isolated from the secondary anode arrangement 20d. In Figure 4a, this N is realized in a natural way. In Figure 4b, a second insulating material 228 is provided between the flange 222 and the secondary flange 422 in the longitudinal direction z to electrically insulate the primary anode arrangement 20b from the secondary anode arrangement 20d.
    Figure 4b shows a compact water purifier in which two different anode materials can be used.
    In the device of Figure 4b, the primary anode arrangement 20b extends from the primary flange 222 in the longitudinal direction z in the first direction -z.
    In use, the primary flange 222 is thus at the top of the primary anode arrangement 20b.
    In addition, the secondary anode arrangement 20d extends from the secondary flange 422 in the longitudinal direction z in the second direction + z, which is opposite to the first direction -z.
    That is, the first secondary anode 42 extends from the secondary flange 422 in the longitudinal direction z in the second direction + z.
    During operation, the secondary flange 422 is thus in the lower part of the secondary anode arrangement 20d.
    In addition, the electrode arrangements are centered relative to each other so that the longitudinal center axis Ax of the primary cathode arrangement 20a is also the longitudinal center axis Ax2 of the secondary cathode arrangement 20c. Preferably, an additive promoting the formation of flocs is used in the purification of the water.
    Such a substance can be fed by suitable means 77 (Figures 1a, 2a, and 3a). The additive is preferably fed to the water at a point in the water flow direction after the anode and cathode arrangement 20a, 20b or arrangements (20a, 20b, 20c and 20d of the device 10, if equipped). > Therefore, in one embodiment, the device further comprises means 77 for supplying a flocculation-promoting additive to the water at a point downstream of the water O 25 downstream of the cathode electrode arrangement 20a.
    In one embodiment, the device I comprises a secondary cathode arrangement 20c and further means 77 for supplying a flocculation-promoting additive to water at a point in the flow direction of water E downstream of the secondary cathode electrode arrangement 20c.
    In one embodiment, the means 77 for supplying the floc-forming additive & 30 - is arranged to supply said additive as an aqueous solution or as N powder.
    In one embodiment, the additive comprises a polymer, such as a water-soluble polymer, such as a polyacrylamide, for example a cationic, anionic or neutral polyacrylamide. Dry polyacrylamide can be used as an additive. Such a substance is known, for example, under the trademark Superfloc &. The polyacrylamide may be cationic, anionic or neutral in charge. The additive is preferably fed as an aqueous solution.
    Figure 5 is an exploded view of the electrode arrangements of a device. In the lower left corner of the figure is a base plate (not numbered) delimiting a distribution chamber for dividing water into slots, as shown above. In the longitudinal direction z there is shown a primary clamping ring 214b by means of which the protrusion 212 (cathode flange) of the first primary cathode 21 can be tightened to the flange 222 of the primary anode arrangement 20b. In the longitudinal direction z there is shown a primary cathode arrangement 20a comprising 21, 23, 25. A protrusion 212 is arranged on the first cathode 21, which in the case of the figure is a cathode flange. Thereafter, there is an insulator 216 in the z direction to isolate the primary anode arrangement 20b from the primary cathode arrangement 20a. Thereafter, in the z direction, there is a primary anode arrangement 20b. The primary anode arrangement 20b comprises first and second anodes 22, 24, and anode support 221, flange 222, and connection point 224. In addition, a second electrical lead 62 (not necessarily part of device 10 if the power supply is sold separately) is shown. In the figure, the second electrical line 62 is connected to the connection point 224. As shown, the connection point 224 is considerably 2 farther from the central axis 224 than, for example, the cathode projection 212. 5 25 + When using the device, the anodes 22, 24 of the primary anode arrangement 20b are pushed , 23, 25 to form the above-described E slots 31, 32, 33, 34, as, for example, S is illustrated in Figures 3a and 3b. & 30 N Then, in the longitudinal direction z, an insulating ring made of a second insulating material 228 is shown to insulate the primary = anode arrangement 20b = from the secondary anode arrangement 20d. Preferably, the second insulating material 228 is also suitably hard. The hardness of the second insulating material 228 may be at least 65 Sh (A), more preferably at least 75 Sh (A). The device 10 may further comprise a sealing material, such as silicone, between the primary flange 222 and the secondary flange 422 - in the longitudinal direction z. Thereafter, a secondary anode arrangement 20d is shown in the longitudinal direction z. The secondary anode arrangement 20d comprises a first secondary anode 42, a second secondary anode 44, a secondary anode support 421, a secondary flange 424, and a secondary connection point 424. In addition, a third electrical lead 63 may be provided which may be connected to the secondary connection 424. is considerably farther from the central axis Ax than, for example, the protrusion 412 of the secondary cathode.
    Thereafter, in the longitudinal direction z, an electrically insulating secondary insulating material 416 is shown between the secondary flange 422 and the first secondary cathode 41. If necessary, a seal such as silicone may also be present in this space. The preferred hardness of the secondary insulating material is set forth above.
    Thereafter, a secondary cathode arrangement 20c is shown in the longitudinal direction z. The secondary cathode arrangement 20c comprises a first, second and third secondary cathode (41, 43, 45), and a secondary cathode support 418 (corresponding to> primary cathode support 218, cf. Figure 3a) and a secondary cathode projection 412, O 25 - such as a secondary cathode flange.
    When using the device, the anodes 42, 44 of the secondary anode arrangement 20d are inserted + between the cathodes 41, 43, 45 of the secondary cathode arrangement 20c to form the S secondary slits (e.g., the first secondary slit 51) described above. & 30 OF
    In the longitudinal direction z, a secondary tightening ring 414b is then shown, by means of which the protrusion 412 (cathode flange) of the first secondary cathode 41 can be tightened to the flange 422 of the secondary anode arrangement 20d. - There is further shown a roof plate forming a collector chamber for receiving purified water. , 20d) from secondary slits (e.g. 51). The parts of the embodiment according to Fig. 5 can be connected to each other, for example by means of a bolt and a nut, so that the primary clamping ring 214b is tightened to the secondary clamping ring 414b, for example by means of bolts and nuts, pressing the seals and flanges between the clamping rings 214n, 414b. - If the device comprises a primary anode arrangement 20b and a secondary and 20d running in opposite directions, as in Figures 4b and 5, most preferably there are as many primary slots 31, 32, 33, 34 as there are secondary slots (e.g. 51). Also in the solution according to Figure 4a, the number of primary and secondary slits can be the same.
    o O OF
    O +
    I g a O OF O O O O OF
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    An apparatus (10) for purifying water, the apparatus (10) comprising - a cathode arrangement (20a) comprising e a first cathode (21) in the form of a cylindrical shell, the first cathode (21) having a continuous profile shape in its longitudinal direction (z), and - an anode arrangement (20b) electrically isolated from the cathode arrangement (20a), the anode arrangement (20b) comprising e a first anode (22) in the form of a rod or a cylindrical jacket having the same longitudinal direction as the first cathode (21), e a conductive flange (222), e an electrically conductive anode support (221) connected to the first anode (22) and the flange (222) and provided with conductive electricity to the first anode (22), and e a connection point (224) for connecting the electrical wire (62) to the flange (222 ), in which device (10) - the first cathode (21) surrounds said first anode (22) in transverse directions perpendicular to said longitudinal direction (z) such that the first anode (22) and the first cathode (21) the transverse direction leaves a first gap (31) for conveying water, - said flange (222) is mechanically supported in the longitudinal direction (z) on the first cathode (21) and o - said coupling point (224) is at least equidistant from the longitudinal central axis (AX) of the cathode arrangement (20a) as the © 25 point of the first cathode (21) closest to said coupling point (224). The device (10) of claim 1, wherein the N-flange (222) surrounds said longitudinal central axis (AX) and the anode support S (221) defines an opening (226) forming a flow channel for said water 2 to the first slot (31). ) or the first slit (31); N preferably
    [2]
    - the flange (224) protrudes from the first anode (22) in said transverse direction by at least 20 mm.
    [3]
    The device (10) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the device (10) comprises attachment means (214) for attaching said flange (222) to the first cathode (21); preferably - the first cathode (21) comprises a protrusion (212), such as a cathode flange, extending in said transverse direction away from said central axis (AX), and - said fastening means (214) are arranged to fasten said flange (222) to said protrusion (212).
    [4]
    Device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising - an electrically insulating insulating material (216) sandwiched between the flange (222) and the first cathode (21) in the longitudinal direction (z); preferably - the insulation material (216) has a hardness of at least 65 Sh (A), more preferably at least 75 Sh (A); more preferably, the device (10) further comprises a sealing material, such as silicone, remaining between the flange (222) and the first cathode (21) in the longitudinal direction (z).
    [5]
    Device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein = - in the anode arrangement (20b) at least said anode support (221) and the junction of said anode support 5 (221) and the first anode (22) are coated with a water-insoluble and electrically insulating coating , such as varnish or paint. i =
    [6]
    Device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the S-anode support (221) and the first anode (22) are made of the same metal, & - preferably the N - anode support (221) and the first anode (22) are further connected by welding to each other.
    [7]
    Device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein - the first cathode (21) comprises a cathode material and - the first anode (22) comprises an anode material selected from: aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg ), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), - manganese (Mn), tin (Sn), lead (Pb) and bismuth (Bi); preferably - the cathode material is a more electronegative anode material; more preferably further - the cathode material is selected from the group consisting of: steel, acid-resistant steel, stainless steel and - graphite.
    [8]
    Device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein - the first anode (22) is cylindrical in shape, - the cathode arrangement (20a) comprises a second cathode (23) in the form of a rod or cylindrical shell with the same longitudinal direction as the longitudinal direction (z) of the first cathode (21) and e is an electrically conductive cathode support (218) arranged to support the second cathode (23) to the first cathode (21) and to conduct electricity from the first cathode (21) to the second cathode (23). 10) —- the first anode (22) surrounds said second cathode (23) in the transverse directions so that a second transverse gap (32) is left transversely between the second cathode (23) and the first anode (22) for conveying said water; o preferably the> - cathode arrangement (20a) comprises a first number (NI) of one level (P) O 25 - piercing electrodes (21, 23, 25) and the + - anode arrangement (20b) comprises a second number (N2) of said plane (P) piercing z electrodes (22, 24) in which the device (10) * - the first number (N1) is equal to the second number (N2; E N1 = N2 + 1), whereby the slits (31) penetrating the 2 30 - plane (P) , 32, 33, 34) is even.
    OF
    [9]
    The device (10) for purifying water according to claim 8, wherein
    - the anode arrangement (20b) comprises e a second anode (24) in the form of a cylindrical shell and connected to the anode support (221), - the cathode arrangement (20a) comprises e a third cathode (25) in the form of a rod or cylindrical shell and connected to the cathode support (218) ), wherein - the second cathode (23) surrounds the second anode (24) in the transverse directions, wherein a third gap (33) is in the transverse direction between the second cathode (23) and the second anode (24), - the second anode (24) surrounds the third cathode (25) in the transverse directions, wherein a fourth gap (34) is in the transverse direction between the second anode (24) and the third cathode (25).
    [10]
    Apparatus (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a secondary cathode arrangement (20c) comprising a first secondary cathode (41) having the shape of a cylindrical shell having the same longitudinal direction as the first cathode (21). - a secondary anode arrangement (20d) electrically isolated from the secondary cathode arrangement (20c), the secondary anode arrangement (20d) comprising e a first secondary anode (42) in the form of a rod or a cylindrical shell having the same longitudinal direction as the first the longitudinal direction (z) of the cathode (21), oe the electrically conductive secondary flange (422),> e the electrically conductive secondary anode support (421) connected to the first O 25 secondary anode (42) and the secondary flange (422) and arranged + conductive electricity to the first secondary anode (42) and I e a secondary connection point (424) for connecting an electrical line (63) to a 0 secondary flange (422), wherein (10) The S - first secondary cathode (41) surrounds the first & 30 - secondary anode (42) in the transverse directions so that a first secondary gap (51) in said transverse direction is left between said first secondary anode (42) and N first secondary cathode (41). to transport water,
    - the secondary flange (422) is mechanically supported in the longitudinal direction (z) on the first secondary cathode (41), - an electrically insulating secondary insulating material (416) is arranged between the secondary flange (422) and the first secondary cathode (41), and - the secondary connection point (424) is at least as far from the longitudinal central axis (Ax2) of the secondary cathode arrangement (20c) as the point of the first secondary cathode (41) closest to said secondary coupling point (424).
    [11]
    The device (10) of claim 10, wherein - the first secondary anode (42) is cylindrical in shape, - the secondary cathode arrangement (20c) comprises a second secondary cathode (43) in the form of a rod or cylindrical shell having the same longitudinal direction as the longitudinal direction (z) of the first secondary cathode (41) and e is an electrically conductive secondary cathode support (418) arranged to support the second secondary cathode (43) at the first secondary cathode (41) and to conduct electricity from the first secondary cathode (41) to the second secondary cathode ( 43), wherein in the device (10), the first secondary anode (42) surrounds said second secondary cathode (43) in the transverse directions so that a second transverse gap of said water is left transversely between the second secondary cathode (43) and the first secondary anode (42). to transport.
    [12]
    A device (10) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the + - anode arrangement (20b), i.e. the primary anode arrangement (20b), extends from the flange (222) in the longitudinal direction (z) in the first direction (-z), the - secondary the anode arrangement (20d) extends from the secondary flange (422) S in the longitudinal direction (z) from the first direction (-z) to the opposite second direction (+ z) and the longitudinal center axis (Ax) of the 30 - cathode arrangement (20a) is also the secondary N cathode arrangement (20c) longitudinal center axis (Ax2).
    [13]
    Device (10) according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein - the anode arrangement (20b), i.e. the primary anode arrangement (20b), is electrically isolated from the secondary anode arrangement (20d), preferably in the device (10) - the longitudinal central axis of the cathode arrangement (20a) Ax) is also the longitudinal central axis (AX2) of the secondary cathode arrangement (20c) and the device (10) comprises - a second insulating material (228) between the flange (222) and the secondary flange (422) in the longitudinal direction (z): more preferably - - a second insulating material (228) the hardness is at least 65 Sh (A), more preferably at least 75 Sh (A).
    [14]
    The device (10) of any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein - the first anode (22) comprises a primary anode material selected from - aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), tin (Sn), lead (Pb) and bismuth (Bi), and - the first secondary anode (42) comprises a secondary anode material selected from: aluminum (Al) , iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), tin (Sn), lead (Pb) and bismuth (Bi) and - - primary anode material is a different material from the secondary anode material; preferably - the primary anode material comprises iron and the secondary anode material comprises aluminum. 2 & S 25 -
    [15]
    Apparatus (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising 3 - means (77) for supplying a flocculant to the water at a point> downstream of the first anode (22) and the first cathode (21); E preferably O 30 - means (77) for supplying the floc-forming additive are arranged to supply said additive as an aqueous solution or powder.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    CN102333729B|2014-01-15|Wastewater treatment apparatus and method
    KR100395731B1|2003-08-25|Method and apparatus for electrocoagulation of liquids
    US3873438A|1975-03-25|Electrolytic cell assembly including bipolar concentric electrodes
    FI128821B|2020-12-31|Device for water purification
    FI58356C|1981-01-12|CONTACT FOER ELEKTROLYSCELLER
    FI126678B|2017-03-31|Water purification device and its use
    EP0822271A2|1998-02-04|Electrolytic cell in particular for ozone generation for application in waste water treatment
    US5910236A|1999-06-08|Electrodes for electro-chemical corrosion protection systems
    US20120073985A1|2012-03-29|Method for treating sludge
    FI61525C|1982-08-10|ELEKTROLYSCELL
    CN1395627A|2003-02-05|Improvements in electrolysis cells
    CN110963552B|2021-11-23|Hydraulic self-rotating descaling electrolytic reactor
    FI127277B|2018-02-28|Method for purifying water, product prepared by the method and its use
    US5766427A|1998-06-16|Electrolyzer with reduced parasitic currents
    CN205803071U|2016-12-14|High-efficiency automatic control is vertical determines pole electro-catalysis decontamination apparatus
    CN105905986A|2016-08-31|High-efficiency self-control vertical fixed-electrode electro-catalysis composite-electrode dirt removal device
    KR101568169B1|2015-11-11|Electrolytic type wastewater treatment apparatus and Ship ballaster water purification system comprising electrolytic type wastewater treatment apparatus
    KR101568173B1|2015-11-11|Electrolytic type wastewater treatment apparatus and Ship ballaster water purification system comprising electrolytic type wastewater treatment apparatus
    CN214141711U|2021-09-07|Tubular electronic flocculator
    US20180155219A1|2018-06-07|Electrocoagulation fluid treatment system
    CN105905997A|2016-08-31|High-efficiency self-control V-shaped rotary-electrode electric adsorption flocculation dirt removal device
    KR100598429B1|2006-07-10|Electrode structure for electrodeionization
    CN106365262A|2017-02-01|Massive-water electrolytic descaling tank with multi-layer cathode steel meshes capable of being rapidly replaced
    CN105905987A|2016-08-31|High-efficiency self-control fixed-electrode electro-catalysis dirt removal device
    SU897256A1|1982-01-15|Filter for mean-agression media
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI128821B|2020-12-31|
    WO2021074488A1|2021-04-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JP2003024945A|2001-07-18|2003-01-28|Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd|Septic apparatus|
    JP2008043891A|2006-08-17|2008-02-28|Nittetsu Mining Co Ltd|Closed cylindrical electrolyzer|
    EE05447B1|2007-04-30|2011-08-15|IltÜenko Valeri|Processor for dual chamber coaxial electrolyzer|
    KR101106282B1|2011-09-05|2012-01-18|주식회사 욱영전해씨스템|Tubular type electrolyzer|
    ES2691308T3|2013-05-13|2018-11-26|Höganäs Ab |Electrochemical cell and its use|
    FI126678B|2015-09-17|2017-03-31|Elwater Ltd Oy|Water purification device and its use|
    法律状态:
    2020-12-31| FG| Patent granted|Ref document number: 128821 Country of ref document: FI Kind code of ref document: B |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20190073A|FI128821B|2019-10-14|2019-10-14|Device for water purification|FI20190073A| FI128821B|2019-10-14|2019-10-14|Device for water purification|
    PCT/FI2020/050670| WO2021074488A1|2019-10-14|2020-10-12|Apparatus for purifying water|
    [返回顶部]